Unit1知识要点分析 1. past做名词,过去的意思。常见短语“in the past”在过去的意思。作为时间状语时,用一般过去时。例子:In the past, my father was very poor. (1) past做为形容词,意为“以前的,过去的”。These things happened in the past years.这些事情发生在过去的年代里。(2)作为介词时,表“在…之后,晚于”,也可做副词,表示“经过,通过”Dancing was kept up till past two.舞会一直开到两点之后。 Present 作名词意为“现在”,常见短语为at present.意为“此刻,现在”同义词为now。 例:I am tired at present, so I want to have a good rest.我现在累,所以想好好休息一下。 (1) present做名词还可意为“礼物”。Who gave you the present?谁给你的礼物? 2. used to 意为“过去常常”只能用一般过去时,不能用现在时态。 (1) 陈述句的肯定形式:主语+used to +动词原形。例:I used to play with my friends after school.过去放学后我常常和我的朋友一起玩。 (2) 否定形式:主语+didn’t use to/usedn’t to+动词原形。 (3) 一般疑问句形式:Did +主语+use to+动词原形+其他。 (4) Used to 的状语可以用副词“always,sometimes,often”等,但仍表示过去的习惯。 (5) Used to do ;be used to doing ,be used to do 的区别 a,used to do 表示过去常常做某事,而现在不做了。 We used to go swimming in the river last year.去年我们常去这条河里游泳。 b.be used to doing 表示习惯于做某事。(to为介词) I am used to running every morning.我习惯于每天早上跑步。 c.be used to do 被用来做某事 computers are used to do many things now. 3. too many ,too much, much too的区别 too many后接可数名词复数,意为“太多”;too much后接不可数名词或修饰动词,意为“太多”;much too后接形容词或副词,意为“太…” 4. since 意为“自…以来” (1) 作介词,后接某一确定的时间点,主句的谓语动词是延续性动词,常与现在完成时态连用。例:She has worked in a bank since leaving school.她毕业后就在一家银行工作。 (2) 做副词,表示从过去以来到现在的情形或状态,常与现在完成时态连用。例:He left home two weeks ago and we haven’t heard from him since.他两周前离开家,至今我们都没有他的消息。 (3) 作连词,引导时间状语从句。例:He has studied very hard since he came to our school. (4) Since 在特殊句型中的应用:It is /has been +一段时间+since+持续性动作的过去式。表示“自从…以来到现在已有多久”例:It has been quite some time since I was last in London.我上次离开伦敦到现在已有一段时间。 5. ever的用法 (1) 作副词,意为“曾经,以前,总是”,用在一般疑问句中,意为“曾经,以前”,常用与现在完成时态。(在答语中不用ever 用never)例:Have you ever been to Beijing?你曾经去过北京吗?yes, I have./No,never. (2) 在否定句中,意为“无论何时都不…;至今不曾…”例:I have not ever been there alone.我从未单独去过那里。 6. marry 的用法 (1) marry sb意为“嫁给某人,与…结婚”例:John married Mary last week.上星期约翰与玛丽结婚了。 (2) be married to sb意为“与某人结婚”例:Rose get married to a teacher .罗斯和一位老师结婚了。 (3) married sb to sb 意为“把女儿嫁给某人,或给儿子娶媳妇”例:He married his daughter to a businessman.她把女儿嫁给了一个商人。 (4) 做不及物动词时,往往用副词或介词短语来修饰。例:She married very early.她很早就结婚了。 (5) Marry为短暂性动词,和表示一段的时间连用,应该用be married.例:We have been married tor two years 7. over的应用 (1) 介词,意为“在..期间”同义词为,during, throughout.例:Over the years, he read widely.在那些年里,他博览群书。 (2) 介词,“在..上面,覆盖”例:There is a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥。 (3) 介词,“遍及”相当于in every part of.例:Xiao shengyang is famous over the whole country. (4) 介词,“超过,多于”相当于more than.例:she stayed in Xuzhou for over a mouth. 8. turn…into和change..into意为“把..变成..”其区别:turn…into一般指渐渐变成什么样子,强调的是“渐变”的过程,而change…into不强调过程,只注重结果和变后的样子。 例:His face turned into red gradually.他的脸渐渐变红了。(强调渐渐变红的过程)She changed her dress into trousers.她把裙子换成了裤子。(强调换后的是裤子) Turn 的动词短语:turn on 接通(电流,煤气,水等),打开;turn off 关掉turn around 转身turn down把…调低,拒绝。 Turn up调高(音量,热量等)turn out 证明是,结果是 9. put…into..,意为“把..放入…;把…排入…或把…译成…” 例:please put the book into your schoolbag.请把你的书放进你的书包。 关于put的短语:put an end to 停止;put on 穿上,戴上;put away放好,收好;put back 把…放回原处;put down记下;put off 推迟,推延 10. in some ways意为“在某些方面”例:in some ways,my sister and I are like each other .在某些方面,我和妹妹很相像。 关于way的短语:just the other way 恰恰相反;in any way无论如何;in no way 无论如何都不,决不;give way to 退让; On the way 在途中;on one’s way to 在去…的途中;by the way 顺便说一下;no way 没门
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