09年江苏省高考的单项选择题难度稍有提升,但是依然延续了08年的出题风格:突出动词、强调交际、注重还原。笔者将从以上三个方面解读09年的单项选择题。 突出动词:动词包括时态、语态、非谓语动词、情态动词和动词短语等相关知识,这无疑是语法体系的重中之重,历年真题中无一漏网,而且永远是高考语法的重头戏。考生如果没有宏观、系统的知识体系,在这些题目中难免失分惨重。试举几题为例:
21. The population of Jiangsu __ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million.
A. has grown B. have grown C. grew D. are growing
此题包括主谓一致和时态两个考点。根据主谓一致原则可以轻易排除B、D两项,也就是在一般过去时和现在完成时之间做出取舍。两种时态的区别可以概括为16个字:现在完成时态“利用过去,说明现在”;一般现在时态“只谈过去,不关现在”。最后一句话The figure is now approaching 74 million. 恰恰是解题的重要信号,或者说是验证答案的理据,而这往往被考生忽视。其中的now就暗示应该用现在完成时态,选A。题干中任何一个信息都不是多余的,所以平时要养成耐心读题的习惯,切忌浮躁。
26. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term
teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, reduce unemployment
pressures.
A. help B. to have helped C. to help D. having helped
此题考察非谓语动词。“全国学校预招纳50000名毕业生,是去年的三倍,这是为了缓解就业压力。”根据题意help应该是目的,故选C。非谓语动词一向是考生最易混淆的知识点,问题的根源在于不理解非谓语动词的抽象意义。to do表示未发生,恰恰跟“目的”对应起来;to have done表示此动作发生在谓语动作之前,如:He appears to have caught a cold;having done是现在分词的完成式,强调发生在谓语动作之前。因此B、D是不符合逻辑的。
28. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.
A. could express B. would express
C. could have expressed D. must have expressed
“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”。“could+have+done”是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。题干中but这一转折词提示我们只能选C。情态动词的学习也是一个难点,最好的方法是多读语料,从语料中区别情态动词之间的微殊。
强调交际:交际用语的考察力度近三年来持续走高,今年依然如此,而且难度较之往年有所上升。因此仍旧是2010年考生的复习重点,切不可轻视。
25.--- Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?
--- Sorry. .
A. It' s repaired B. It has been repaired
C. It's being repaired D. It had been repaired
此题的信号词是this afternoon和sorry,问话人“今天下午借电脑”,答话人说“抱歉”,很明显电脑正在修理中。应该选择进行中的被动,答案为C。
29.--- Bill, can I get you anything to drink?
--- .
A. You are welcome B. No problem
C. I wouldn't mind a coffee D. Doesn’t matter
Can I get you anything to drink?的意思是我拿点什么给你喝呢?回答应该是喝的东西,选C。
注重还原:“还原”永 远是高考语法题的解题“王道”。出题人往往用打乱语序、省略成分等雕虫小技来制造难题,只要考生认清句子的本质,题目就会迎刃而解。但这需要平时在“句子的解读”方面下功夫才好。
23. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
A. if B. when C. which D. since
题干是定语从句的分裂式。还原之后应为“days_ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night are gone. ”这样很容易看出句子缺少的是状语,因此选C。
34.Many young people in the West are expected to leave __ could be life' s most
important decision -- marriage -- almost entirely up to luck.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
还原之后应为“leave marriage——__ could be life' s most important decision—— almost entirely up to luck.”这样结构就清晰了:第一个破折号表解释,什么样的婚姻,选D。第二个破折号表转折。译为:西方很多年轻人倾向于逃脱婚姻,而婚姻正是人生最重要却同时完全取决于运气的决定。
33.--- What' s the matter with Della?
--- Well, her parents wouldn't allow her to go to the party, but she still __
A. hopes to B. hopes so C. hopes not D. hopes for
本题为省略结构。还原后应为her parents wouldn't allow her to go to the party, but she still hopes to go to the party. 答案随即浮出水面:A。
笔者建议2010年考生在复习时注意一下三点:1. 从宏观的角度理解语法,不可死记语法规则;2. 尽可能多地掌握语料,考试时语料可作为答题的依据;3. 吃透历年真题,总结出题人制造难题的手段,知己知彼,百战不殆。 |
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