8B Unit2 Travelling  第六课时  教案
        Grammar B      
Teaching Aims: 1. To consolidate the present perfect tense.
              2. To understand the verbs with continuous time adverbials.
              3. To love traveling.
Important point: Verbs with ‘for’, ‘since’ or ‘ago’
        Difficult point: To remember the conversion between durational verbs and momentary verbs
Teaching Aids: Multi-Media
Teaching Procedures:
Step1: Check students’ previewed work
     1. T. ask some students to translate some sentences
       1)我爸爸去过北京很多次。(My Dad has been to Beijing many times.)
       2）我从来没有去过美国。(I have never been to America.)
               3）--Kitty在哪里？--她去上海了。(--Where is Kitty?—She has gone to Shanghai.)
          --她什么时候去的？--两天前。 (--When did she go?—Two days ago.)
     2. Fill in the blanks with ‘for’, ‘since’ or ‘ago’
       1) The old man has been in the village ____ eighty years. (for)
       2) His father died five years ______. ( ago)
       3) She has been off work _______last Monday. (since)
       4) I have lived here _____ five years ago. (since)
               5) The student has learned five hundred English words ______ he began to learn English. (since)
       6) My mother has stayed in Beijing ______ one week.  (for)
        3. Momentary verb or durational verb
          Ss. distinguish what the following verbs are.
        leave    (M)                    arrive    (M)
        study    (D)                    die       (M)
        wait     (D)                    know     (D)
        join     (M)                    do        (D)
        watch   (D)                     get up     (M)
        teach   (D)                      borrow    (M)
        begin    (M)                     buy      (M)
        4. Translating ( Ss. can discuss in groups)
          1) Jim离开北京两天了。 （Jim has been away from Beijing for two days.）
          2) Kitty买这个钱包一年了。(Kitty has had this purse for a year.)
Step2: Presenting
        T: We can say: Jim left Beijing two days ago. But we can’t say: Jim has left Beijing for two days. Because some verbs, such as ‘ come’, ‘go’ and ‘leave’ cannot be used with continuous time adverbials such as ‘ for two hours’ or ‘since last month’. To talk about an action that happened at a point in the past, we will have to use ‘ago’ and the simple past tense.
        Step3: Practising
            1. Ss. tell if the following sentences are true or false.
        1) Tom has bought a watch for a week.  ×
        2) Tom bought a watch a week ago .   √
        3) How long have you come here?    ×   
        4) The film has finished for half an hour.  ×   
        5) Kitty has left Beijing for two days .   ×
        6) Kitty left Beijing two days ago .     √
        2. T. give the conclusion
        T. induce Ss. to get the rules: 终止性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用, 如：for+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用, 也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句。
        Step4: More exercise
               Ss. try to translate some sentences.
        1)我买这辆自行车两年了.
        I bought the bike two years ago.    √
        I have bought the bike for 2 years.  ×
        2) 这家超市已经开业五年了.
        The supermarket opened five years ago.
        我们不能说 : The supermarket has opened for five years .
        3) 他来这儿已经两个小时了。
        He came here two hours ago.
        我们不能说 :  He has come here for two hours
Step5: Presenting
        1． T: If we want to express a continuous state, we can use another way like this: 将瞬间动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词，保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句.
   2. T. give the conversion between durational verbs and momentary verbs
Momentary Verbs                  Durational Verbs        Momentary Verbs          Durational Verbs
        buy                have                get married                 be married
        borrow                 keep                become                be
        die                 be dead                become interested in         be interested in
        open                 be open                 leave         be away ( from)
        close                be closed                catch/ get a cold                 have a cold
        start/ begin                be on                 end/finish                 be over
come/go /arrive                 be                 fall asleep                be asleep
        get up                 be up                join the army        1)be in the army
2)be a soldier
        get to know                 know                 go to school        1)be a student
2) be in school
         
  3. A memory test
        T. give Ss. three minutes to remember the conversion between durational verbs and momentary verbs, Then T. ask some Ss. to write as many words about the conversation between durational verbs and momentary verbs as possible. 
        Step6: Practising
Ss. try to correct above wrong sentences in step3.
Tom has had a watch for a week.
3) How long have you been here?
4) The film has been over for half an hour.
5) Kitty has been away from Beijing for two days.
        2. Millie and Sandy are talking on the phone. Complete the conversation on page 33. Then read together, trying to work in pairs to act it out.
Step7: Exercise
     1. 同义句转换
     （1）She came to our hometown five years ago.
        She ____________our hometown since five years ago. （has been in）
        （2）We got to know each other five years ago .
        We _______________ each other for five years.  (have known)
        （3）I have had the bike for three months.
         I ________the bike 3 months ago.   (bought)
        （4）We got married ten years ago.
        We ___________________for ten years.  (have been married)
        （5）Millie joined the Basketball Club two years ago.
             Millie ____ ______ ____ ______ of the Basketball Club ____ two years.
        (has been a member, for)
        It ___ two years ____Millie joined the Basketball Club. ( is, since)
     2 .改错
     1.) I have borrowed the book for 3 months.
         （ borrowed → kept）
             2.) My bother has joined the army since he was 18.
        ( joined → been in/ been a member of)
     3.) Jack and Tom have lived here since 5years.  
        ( since 5 years → since 5 years ago/for 5 years)
     4.)  The film has been on since I have come to the cinema.
         ( have come → came)
     5.) When has Mr. Wu come back from Hong Kong?  
         ( has…come → did…come)
     6.)When have they got married?  
        (have…got → did...get)
     7.)His grandfather has died for 3 years.  
        (has died → has been dead)
Step8: Sum up:
We know how to express a continuous state.
We should be able to use verbs with continuous time adverbials.
 Step9: Homework:
        1. Try to remember the conversion between durational verbs and momentary verbs.
    2. Do exercise on 《当堂反馈》
        3. Preview next part
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       
       

        8B Unit2 Travelling  第六课时  教案
        Grammar B      
Teaching Aims: 1. To consolidate the present perfect tense.
              2. To understand the verbs with continuous time adverbials.
              3. To love traveling.
Important point: Verbs with ‘for’, ‘since’ or ‘ago’
        Difficult point: To remember the conversion between durational verbs and momentary verbs
Teaching Aids: Multi-Media
Teaching Procedures:
Step1: Check students’ previewed work
     1. T. ask some students to translate some sentences
       1)我爸爸去过北京很多次。(My Dad has been to Beijing many times.)
       2）我从来没有去过美国。(I have never been to America.)
               3）--Kitty在哪里？--她去上海了。(--Where is Kitty?—She has gone to Shanghai.)
          --她什么时候去的？--两天前。 (--When did she go?—Two days ago.)
     2. Fill in the blanks with ‘for’, ‘since’ or ‘ago’
       1) The old man has been in the village ____ eighty years. (for)
       2) His father died five years ______. ( ago)
       3) She has been off work _______last Monday. (since)
       4) I have lived here _____ five years ago. (since)
               5) The student has learned five hundred English words ______ he began to learn English. (since)
       6) My mother has stayed in Beijing ______ one week.  (for)
        3. Momentary verb or durational verb
          Ss. distinguish what the following verbs are.
        leave    (M)                    arrive    (M)
        study    (D)                    die       (M)
        wait     (D)                    know     (D)
        join     (M)                    do        (D)
        watch   (D)                     get up     (M)
        teach   (D)                      borrow    (M)
        begin    (M)                     buy      (M)
        4. Translating ( Ss. can discuss in groups)
          1) Jim离开北京两天了。 （Jim has been away from Beijing for two days.）
          2) Kitty买这个钱包一年了。(Kitty has had this purse for a year.)
Step2: Presenting
        T: We can say: Jim left Beijing two days ago. But we can’t say: Jim has left Beijing for two days. Because some verbs, such as ‘ come’, ‘go’ and ‘leave’ cannot be used with continuous time adverbials such as ‘ for two hours’ or ‘since last month’. To talk about an action that happened at a point in the past, we will have to use ‘ago’ and the simple past tense.
        Step3: Practising
            1. Ss. tell if the following sentences are true or false.
        1) Tom has bought a watch for a week.  ×
        2) Tom bought a watch a week ago .   √
        3) How long have you come here?    ×   
        4) The film has finished for half an hour.  ×   
        5) Kitty has left Beijing for two days .   ×
        6) Kitty left Beijing two days ago .     √
        2. T. give the conclusion
        T. induce Ss. to get the rules: 终止性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能和表示一段时间的状语连用, 如：for+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用, 也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句。
        Step4: More exercise
               Ss. try to translate some sentences.
        1)我买这辆自行车两年了.
        I bought the bike two years ago.    √
        I have bought the bike for 2 years.  ×
        2) 这家超市已经开业五年了.
        The supermarket opened five years ago.
        我们不能说 : The supermarket has opened for five years .
        3) 他来这儿已经两个小时了。
        He came here two hours ago.
        我们不能说 :  He has come here for two hours
Step5: Presenting
        1． T: If we want to express a continuous state, we can use another way like this: 将瞬间动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词，保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句.
   2. T. give the conversion between durational verbs and momentary verbs
Momentary Verbs                  Durational Verbs        Momentary Verbs          Durational Verbs
        buy                have                get married                 be married
        borrow                 keep                become                be
        die                 be dead                become interested in         be interested in
        open                 be open                 leave         be away ( from)
        close                be closed                catch/ get a cold                 have a cold
        start/ begin                be on                 end/finish                 be over
come/go /arrive                 be                 fall asleep                be asleep
        get up                 be up                join the army        1)be in the army
2)be a soldier
        get to know                 know                 go to school        1)be a student
2) be in school
         
  3. A memory test
        T. give Ss. three minutes to remember the conversion between durational verbs and momentary verbs, Then T. ask some Ss. to write as many words about the conversation between durational verbs and momentary verbs as possible. 
        Step6: Practising
Ss. try to correct above wrong sentences in step3.
Tom has had a watch for a week.
3) How long have you been here?
4) The film has been over for half an hour.
5) Kitty has been away from Beijing for two days.
        2. Millie and Sandy are talking on the phone. Complete the conversation on page 33. Then read together, trying to work in pairs to act it out.
Step7: Exercise
     1. 同义句转换
     （1）She came to our hometown five years ago.
        She ____________our hometown since five years ago. （has been in）
        （2）We got to know each other five years ago .
        We _______________ each other for five years.  (have known)
        （3）I have had the bike for three months.
         I ________the bike 3 months ago.   (bought)
        （4）We got married ten years ago.
        We ___________________for ten years.  (have been married)
        （5）Millie joined the Basketball Club two years ago.
             Millie ____ ______ ____ ______ of the Basketball Club ____ two years.
        (has been a member, for)
        It ___ two years ____Millie joined the Basketball Club. ( is, since)
     2 .改错
     1.) I have borrowed the book for 3 months.
         （ borrowed → kept）
             2.) My bother has joined the army since he was 18.
        ( joined → been in/ been a member of)
     3.) Jack and Tom have lived here since 5years.  
        ( since 5 years → since 5 years ago/for 5 years)
     4.)  The film has been on since I have come to the cinema.
         ( have come → came)
     5.) When has Mr. Wu come back from Hong Kong?  
         ( has…come → did…come)
     6.)When have they got married?  
        (have…got → did...get)
     7.)His grandfather has died for 3 years.  
        (has died → has been dead)
Step8: Sum up:
We know how to express a continuous state.
We should be able to use verbs with continuous time adverbials.
 Step9: Homework:
        1. Try to remember the conversion between durational verbs and momentary verbs.
    2. Do exercise on 《当堂反馈》
        3. Preview next part