高考必考语法分析之虚拟语气

语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人对动词所表示的动作或状态的态度。语气分为：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。

虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜测、建议或与事实不符的假设等，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气是由句中谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。

※ wish 的虚拟语气
(1)表示现在或将来的愿望，宾语从句中的谓语动词用过去式（be通常用were）或would, could, might +动词原形。
eg. I wish were a boss now.（现在事实相反，我是老师而不是老板）
      I wish I could help you yesterday.（表示昨天并没有帮助你）
(2)表示过去的愿望，宾语从句谓语动词要用过去完成时或would, could, might +have+过去分词。
eg: I wish I had been with you last weekend.我希望上周和你在一起。

（不管主语是什么人称，动词一律用were，如果动词是进行体或被动语态，其助动词也一律用were.）

※ 虚拟语气用于if引导的条件状语从句
现在时间：从句中谓语动词用were或动词过去式，主句中谓语动词用should, would, could, might +动词原形

eg: If i had time, i would go to have a trip.

过去时间：从句用谓语动词用had+动词过去分词，主句中谓语动词用should, would, could, might + have + 动词原形

eg: If you had studied hard, you would have passed the exam.

将来时间：从句中谓语动词用were to + 动词原形/should + 动词原形/动词过去分词，主中谓语动词用should, would, could, might +动词原形

eg: If it were fine tomorrow, i would go shopping with my friend.

※ 虚拟语气用于主语从句
It is important (necessary, strange, natural, possible等) + that……，that 从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形）
eg: It is necessary that we (should) study hard.
      It is important that we (should) know something about literature.

※ 虚拟语气用于固定句型中
(1)It is (high, about) time +that中，谓语动词用过去时
eg: It is time that he did something to improve his oral English.

(2)This is the first/second…time that …中，that从句中谓语动词用现在完成时
eg: It is the third time that I have helped her with her Maths.

(3)It is the last time that…… 中，that从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时

这是自己在学习时总结的有关虚拟语气的几点用法，希望对大家有所帮助。随着以后只是的慢慢积累，我会充实上面的内容。敬请期待吧！

thanks for shanring

thanks for shanring with me