1. Wearing red can also make it easier to take action. make it+形容词+to do sth.意为“使做某事成为……”,在此结构中,it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是其后的动词不定式。 The spaceship makes it possible to travel to the moon. 宇宙飞船使去月球旅行成为可能。 【拓展】 make sb do sth 意为“使某人做某事”,此句式是省略to的不定式,如果用在被动句式中要还原to。例如: Don’t make the baby cry anymore. 不要再让婴儿哭了。 He was made to wait for over an hour. 他被迫等了一个多小时。 类似make这种用法的动词还有:have,let,notice,see,feel等。例如: She was seen to go into the classroom. 有人看见她进了教室。 2. This may help when you are having difficulty making a decision. (1)have difficulty(in)doing sth.(=have difficulty with sth.)意为“做某事有困难”;此处difficulty做不可数名词,意为“困难”。可用trouble替换;介词in可省略。例如: We had difficulty in finding that house. 我们很难找到那个房子。 (2)否定句式为have no difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“毫不费力做某事”。例如: I had no difficulty in understanding the text. 我理解那篇文章毫不费力。 3. Remember or think about sth. remember作动词,意为“记得”。与forget意思相反。例如: Remember his name. 记住他的名字。 【拓展】 (1)forget to do sth.表示“忘记要做某事”,事情还没有做。例如:
Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时别忘记关灯。
(2)forget doing sth.表示“忘记曾经做过某事”,事情已经做过了。例如: He forgot going to Shanghai with his parents when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾经和父母去过上海。 4. Some people believe that colours can influence our moods. 此句是一个由that引导的宾语从句,宾语从句需要注意以下几点: (1) 引导词: 1) 当宾语从句由陈述句转换过来时,由连词that引导,that通常省略。例如: I think that you should come earlier. 我认为你应该早点来。 2) 当宾语从句由一般疑问句转换过来时,用if或whether来引导。例如: I wonder if you are a new student. 我想知道你是否是新学生。 3) 当宾语从句由特殊疑问句转换过来时,由原来的疑问词引导。例如: I don’t know when she will go to Beijing next time. 我不知道她下次什么时候去北京。 (2) 语序:在宾语从句中,均用陈述句的语序。 (3) 时态: 1) 当主句的时态是一般现在时时,从句用所需的任何一种时态。 2) 当主句的时态是一般过去时时,从句的时态用过去的某种时态。 5. Should I stay at home instead of going shopping with my classmates? instead作副词,意为“代替,而不是”,常用作状语。例如: He is tired. Let me go instead. 他累了,让我替他去吧。 She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习,而是整天打网球。 【拓展】instead和instead of的辨析: (1) instead是副词,后面不接其他的词,一般情况下可不译出,通常放在句首或句末,在句首时常用逗号隔开,表示前面的事没做,而做了后面的事。例如: He didn’t go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema. 他没有去学校,相反他去了电影院。 (2) instead of是介词短语,意为“代替,而不是”,后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如: He went to the cinema instead of going to school. 他去了电影院而不是学校。
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