牛津英语3B英语语法(一)情态动词can
can 在英语中有一个特殊的名字,叫做情态动词,表示“能够”, “会”, “能力”后面要跟着表示动作的动词。没有时态和人称的变化。表示不能做什么的时候,后面加上 not为 can not,或者缩写为can’t。问别人“能…吗?”要把can 放在句子前面,首字母要大写,句尾别忘加上问号。
例句:
I can swing .I can draw.
She can jump.He can play .
We can touch .They can run.
I can’t sing.You can’t see.
She can’t dance.He can’t hear a car.
We can’t hear an aeroplane.
Can you hear a dog?Can he hear a bus?
Can Lucy write?Can you do it?
练习
将下面各组词组成句子
1.________________________(an,aeroplane,hear,Lucy,can )
2. ____________________________ (not,he ,dance,can )
3.____________________________? (you,can ,see,what )
4.____________________________(can ,see ,not ,we ,you)
5._____________________________. (I ,can ,help ,you )
6._____________________________? (I,can ,do,what)
7._____________________________? (you ,can ,hear me)
8._____________________________? (you ,can ,dance)
答案:
1. Lucy can hear an aeroplane. 2. He can not /can’t dance.
3. What can you see? 4. We can not /can’t see you
5. I can help you. 6. What can I do?
7. Can you hear me? 8. Can you dance?
牛津英语3B英语语法(二)人称代词所属格
表示 ---- 的,这样的词我们也学习很多了,你能想出来吗?
记住这个小口诀就很容易了:我的 my ,你的your,他的 his、她的her. //它的是its; 我们的 our; 你们的是 your他们(它们,她们)的是their//这些人称代词形式称为人称代词所属格,也叫形容词性物主代词。通常用在名词前面表示所属关系。另外,表示某人的还可以用名词或人名+ ’s 来表示。如:
my kite; your book; his pen; her coat; its tail; our class;
their teachers; my brother’s; book; the cat’s ears; Mary’s mother
练习
一.写出下列人称代词的所属格形式
I________you_________he______________
She_________it____________we_____________
You_________they_________
二.翻译下列词组
1. 你的名字 _____________ 2.我们班___________
3. 他的小弟弟____________ 4.我祖母___________
5. 它的尾巴 ______________ 6.我的鞋____________
7. 她的围巾________________ 8.我的衬衫_________
9. 他们的老师______________ 10.玛丽的雨伞_________
三.用下列单词组句
1.___________________________ (my , is,name , Tom)
2.____________________________ (is, miss , Gao, , our,friend)
3.____________________________ (is what ,your number ,telephone)
4.____________________________? (mother , your ,a teacher , is)
5.____________________________? (who’s , cap , it , is)
答案:一. I(my) you (your) he(his) she(her) it(its) We (our) you (your) they (their)
二. 1.your name 2.our class 3. his little brother 4.my grandmother 5.its tail 6.my shoes 7.her scarf 8.my shirt 9.their teacher 10. Mary’s umbrella
三. 1.My name is Tom. 2.Miss Gao is our friend 3.Wht’s your telephone number? 4.Is your mother a teacher? 5.Who’s cap is it?
牛津英语3B英语语法(三)介词、连词和感叹词
介词:介词是一种虚词,不能单独使用,必须在介词后面加上个名词或代词使用,作句子成份。
介词后面的名词(或相当于名词的其它词)叫做介词的宾语。介词和介词宾语合称为介词短语。介词短语在句中可作壮语、定语或表语。
介词如: in 在…里面 on在…上面 under在…下面等。
in the classroom in the tree in the hall
on the road on the desk on the floor
under the table under the bed under the chair
连词:连词是用来连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子等的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词,在句子中不能单独作句子成分。连词分两类:一类叫等立连词,另一类叫从属连词。
1. 等立连词是用来连接同等的词、词组和分句的。等立连词有许多
我们现在只学到了and和but,其他的以后学到再介绍。
如:A and B ; blue and white ;an apple and a banana; a car and a bus; Lucy and Ben ; Ben and Kitty ;
This is a lorry and that’s a drill.
I like dolls and you like robots.
2. 从属连词是用来引起从句的、从属连词又分为
1) 引起名词性从句的连接词,如:if ,that 等。
2)引起壮语从句的连接词,如:when , after ,befare等。以后会逐渐学到再介绍。
3.感叹词: 表示说话人的某种感情(惊讶,高兴,痛苦等)的词叫感叹词。感叹词后常用感叹号。常用的感叹词有:oh(表示惊奇或痛苦),ah(表示惊奇或满意),hello(常被用来打招呼相当于汉语的“喂!”),well(表示惊讶,无奈)
如:Hello.Are you Mary?
练习:翻译下列词组
1.在桌子上面 2.在树下面 3.在椅子上面 4.在盒子里面
5.在黑板上 6.在书里 7.在脸上 8.在公共汽车上
9.一只猫和一只狗. 10.又小又胖
答案:1. on the desk 2. under the tree 3. on the desk 4. in the box
5. on the blackboard 6. in the book 7. on the face 8. on the bus
9. a cat and a dog 10. small and fat
牛津英语3B英语语法(四)一般疑问句及特殊疑问句
疑问句是用来提出问题。英语中有四种疑问句: 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。我们现在已经接触到了前两种疑问句。后两种疑问句以后我们还会学到。
一.一般疑问句:
英语中要用 yes和no 来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。如:
Is it hot ? Yes, it is .\No, it isn’t .
Is it a car ? Yes, it is .\No, it isn’t .
Is this your ruler ? Yes, it is .\No, it isn’t .
Do you like bananas ?
Yes,I like bananas. \ No, I don’t like bananas.
Can Ming hear a drill ?
Yes , Ming can hear a drill.\No,Ming can’t hear a drill.
二 特殊疑问句(又叫wh-question)
用特殊疑问词来提出问题的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句。特殊疑问词一般要放在句首。常用的疑问词有what who ,which how 等这些词都以wh 开头(包括how)所以也叫作wh-question。特殊疑问句要求回答具体内容。不能用yes或no回答。如:
What can you see ? I can see a cat.
What can you hear ? I can hear a bus.
What can you do ? I can sing and dance.
What is it ? It’s a panda.
What do you like ? I like playing football
How old are you ? I’m ten.
练习
一.将下列句子变成一般疑问句
1 Mr Wang is thirsty __________________________?
2.The elephent’s ears are long __________________________?
3. We like birds _________________________?
4.Hello.You are his mother __________________________?
5.I can sing and dance. ___________________________?
二 将下列每组词各组成一句特殊疑问句
1.(you are how). _________________________?.
2.(old how Ben is)_________________________?
3.colour is what your shirt_________________________?
4.(can see what the on you desk ) ________________________?
5.(like what do you)_________________________?
答案:一.1. Is Mr Wang thirsty? 2. Are the elephent’s ears long 3. Do you like birds? 4.Hello. Are you his mother? 5.Can you sing and dance?
二.1. How are you? 2.How old is Ben ? 3.What colour is your shirt? 4.What can you see on the desk? 5.What do you like? |
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