小学英语语法复习要点
一、名词
可数名词:表示可以具体个别存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式,其单数形式与不定冠词a(n)连用。
可数名词复数规则:
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不规则名词复数:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children
foot-feet, tooth-teeth
fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可数名词:表示不能个别存在的事物,如液体类,气体类的物质;少数固体类的物质 (grass草,ice冰),抽象的名词(help帮助,music音乐)。不可数名词没有复数(如some water),不能与不定冠词连用。
写出下列各词的复数
photo ____________ diary ____________ day_____________ dress _______________
thief ___________ yo-yo ___________ peach___________ juice________________
water ____________ rice______________ tea ______________ man____________
woman____________ banana ___________ bus___________ child ____________
foot _____________ sheep ____________ leaf(树叶) ________ dish ____________
knife _____________ pen____________ boy__________ baby___________
map _____________ city ____________ box __________ book ___________
class ____________ eye ____________ office ________ car____________
fox(狐狸) ___________ watch ____________ library ________ pear ___________
skirt ____________ shelf _____________ cinema __________ tomato _________
tooth ____________ wife____________ Englishman________ paper __________
milk___________ Frenchman ___________ postman __________ family __________
mouse __________ people (人们) __________ fish _________ brush ________
mango __________ Japanese ____________ sandwich __________
policeman____________ watermelon______________ Chinese_____________
strawberry ___________ match _________________ glass __________
二、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
一般现在时的功能:1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成:1. be动词:主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
注意:(我用am,你用are,三单is,复数are。)
2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。
注意:(当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。)
一般现在时的变化:1. be动词的变化。
肯定句:主语+be+其它。 如:He is a worker. 他是工人。
否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。 He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。(be动词移到句首)
如:I am a student.
-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。
如:My bike is under the tree.
Is your bike under the tree?
Where is your bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
肯定句:主语+动词原形(+其它)。
否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。
如:I like bread.
I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。
如:He ofter plays football.
He doesn't often play football.
一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。(句首加助动词do, does)
如:I often play football.
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。
如:She goes to school by bike.
- Does she go to school by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。
如:She goes to school by bike.
Does she go to school by bike?
How does she go to school?
动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____
come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush________do_________ teach_______
二、用am, is, are 填空
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______ they?
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I?
13.The jeans ______ on the desk.
14.Here ______ a scarf for you.
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.
17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
19. Some tea ______ in the glass.
20. Gao Shan's shirt _______ over there.
21. My sister's name ______Nancy.
22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
23. ______ David and Helen from England?
24. There ______ a girl in the room.
25. There ______ some apples on the tree.
26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?
27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?
28. There _______ some bread on the plate.
29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
30. You, he and I ______ from China.
三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. David and Tom _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Mike _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I'm staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. -What day _______(be) it today?
- It’s Saturday. |